Monoterpenes are a class of organic compounds made up of two isoprene units, which gives them a molecular structure of C10H16. They are commonly found in essential oils of various plants, contributing to their fragrance and flavor. Examples of monoterpenes include limonene, found in citrus fruits, and pinene, which is present in pine trees. These compounds play significant roles in nature, including attracting pollinators and deterring herbivores. Monoterpenes are also used in various industries, such as perfumery and food flavoring, due to their aromatic properties. Additionally, they have potential therapeutic benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects.