Molecular ecology is a branch of ecology that uses molecular techniques to study the relationships between organisms and their environments. It often involves analyzing DNA, RNA, and proteins to understand genetic diversity, population structure, and evolutionary processes. This field helps scientists uncover how species adapt to their habitats and interact with one another. By employing tools like DNA sequencing and genetic markers, researchers can track the movement of species, assess their health, and monitor the effects of environmental changes. Molecular ecology plays a crucial role in conservation efforts, helping to identify endangered species and develop strategies for their protection.