Mohammad Mossadegh was an Iranian politician who served as the Prime Minister of Iran from 1951 to 1953. He is best known for his role in nationalizing the Iranian oil industry, which had been controlled by foreign companies, particularly the British-owned Anglo-Iranian Oil Company. His efforts aimed to increase Iran's control over its natural resources and improve the country's economy. Mossadegh's policies and actions led to significant political tensions, both domestically and internationally. In 1953, he was overthrown in a coup orchestrated by the CIA and the British intelligence agency, which restored the monarchy under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. This event had lasting impacts on Iran's political landscape and U.S.-Iran relations.