Modern Turkish literature refers to literary works produced in Turkey from the late 19th century to the present. It emerged during a time of significant social and political change, influenced by Western literary movements. Key figures include Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar and Orhan Pamuk, who explore themes of identity, modernity, and cultural conflict. The literature encompasses various genres, including poetry, novels, and short stories. Writers often address the complexities of Turkish society, reflecting on issues such as national identity, urbanization, and historical legacy. This rich literary tradition continues to evolve, showcasing diverse voices and perspectives.