Models of memory are frameworks that explain how information is encoded, stored, and retrieved in the brain. One well-known model is the Atkinson-Shiffrin model, which divides memory into three stages: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. This model illustrates how information flows through these stages, highlighting the importance of attention and rehearsal in transferring data to long-term storage. Another influential model is the working memory model proposed by Baddeley and Hitch. This model expands on short-term memory by introducing components like the central executive, phonological loop, and visuospatial sketchpad. It emphasizes the active processing of information, allowing for complex tasks such as problem-solving and comprehension.