The working memory model is a cognitive framework that explains how we temporarily hold and manipulate information. Proposed by Alan Baddeley and Graham Hitch in 1974, it consists of several components, including the central executive, which directs attention, and two subsystems: the phonological loop for verbal information and the visuospatial sketchpad for visual and spatial data. This model helps us understand tasks like problem-solving and language comprehension. It emphasizes that working memory is limited in capacity and duration, making it crucial for everyday activities such as learning, reasoning, and decision-making.