Midwestern history is characterized by the region's settlement and development, beginning in the early 19th century. The area, which includes states like Illinois, Ohio, and Michigan, was primarily inhabited by Native American tribes before European settlers arrived. The expansion of agriculture and the establishment of railroads played significant roles in shaping the economy and society of the Midwest. The Great Lakes and the Mississippi River were vital for trade and transportation, facilitating growth in cities such as Chicago and Detroit. The Midwest also became a center for industry and innovation, contributing to the broader narrative of American history through events like the Industrial Revolution and the Great Migration.