The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is a vast underwater mountain range that runs down the center of the Atlantic Ocean. It is formed by the movement of tectonic plates, specifically the separation of the North American Plate and the Eurasian Plate in the north, and the South American Plate and the African Plate in the south. This geological activity creates new oceanic crust as magma rises from the mantle. The ridge is also a site of significant geological activity, including earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. It plays a crucial role in the process of seafloor spreading, where the ocean floor expands as new material is added. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is an important area for studying plate tectonics and the Earth's geological history.