A metal lathe is a machine tool used for shaping metal or other materials. It works by rotating the workpiece against a cutting tool, allowing for precise shaping, drilling, and finishing. Metal lathes are essential in manufacturing and machining industries, enabling the production of various components like shafts, gears, and fittings. These machines come in different types, including CNC lathes, which are computer-controlled for enhanced precision and automation. Operators can adjust speed, feed rate, and cutting depth to achieve desired specifications. Metal lathes are vital for creating custom parts and prototypes in engineering and fabrication processes.