Milling machines are versatile tools used in manufacturing to shape and cut materials, primarily metals and plastics. They operate by rotating a cutting tool against a stationary workpiece, allowing for precise removal of material. This process can create various shapes, including flat surfaces, grooves, and complex contours. These machines come in different types, such as vertical and horizontal milling machines, each suited for specific tasks. CNC milling machines are a modern variation that uses computer numerical control for enhanced precision and automation. Overall, milling machines play a crucial role in producing parts for industries like automotive, aerospace, and machinery.