Message Passing is a method used in computer science and distributed systems for communication between different processes or components. Instead of sharing memory, each process sends and receives messages to exchange information. This approach helps maintain modularity and can improve the reliability of systems by isolating components. In parallel computing, message passing is essential for coordinating tasks across multiple processors. Each processor can work independently, sending messages to share results or request data. This technique is widely used in applications like supercomputing and cloud computing, where efficient communication is crucial for performance.