Mercury pollution occurs when mercury, a toxic heavy metal, is released into the environment, primarily through industrial processes, mining, and the burning of fossil fuels. Once in the air, mercury can settle into water bodies, where it transforms into methylmercury, a highly toxic form that accumulates in fish and other aquatic organisms. Humans can be exposed to mercury pollution by consuming contaminated fish or through industrial exposure. This can lead to serious health issues, including neurological damage and developmental problems, particularly in vulnerable populations such as pregnant women and children. Reducing mercury emissions is crucial for protecting both human health and the environment.