Mental abilities refer to the cognitive skills that enable individuals to process information, solve problems, and make decisions. These abilities include functions such as memory, reasoning, attention, and language. They are essential for learning and adapting to new situations, allowing people to navigate their environment effectively. Different types of mental abilities can be measured through various assessments, such as IQ tests. These tests often evaluate skills like mathematical reasoning, verbal comprehension, and spatial visualization. Understanding mental abilities can help identify strengths and weaknesses, guiding educational and occupational choices.