Melanogenesis is the biological process through which the skin produces melanin, the pigment responsible for the color of our skin, hair, and eyes. This process occurs in specialized cells called melanocytes, which are primarily found in the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin. When exposed to sunlight, these cells increase melanin production to protect the skin from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The amount and type of melanin produced can vary among individuals, leading to different skin tones. Factors such as genetics, hormones, and environmental influences can also affect melanogenesis. Understanding this process is essential for addressing skin conditions and developing effective sun protection strategies.