Mediterranean Literature refers to the body of literary works produced in the countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. This includes diverse cultures and languages, such as Italian, Spanish, French, Greek, and Arabic. The literature often reflects the region's rich history, including themes of trade, migration, and cultural exchange. Notable works include ancient texts like Homer's Iliad and Odyssey, as well as modern novels by authors such as Gabriel García Márquez and Albert Camus. The literature often explores universal themes of love, conflict, and identity, shaped by the unique landscapes and histories of the Mediterranean region.