Albert Camus was a French philosopher, author, and journalist, best known for his contributions to the philosophy of absurdism. His most famous works include The Stranger and The Myth of Sisyphus, where he explores themes of meaning, existence, and the human condition. Born in 1913 in Algeria, Camus was a prominent figure in 20th-century literature and a key voice in the existentialist movement, although he rejected the label. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1957 for his significant literary achievements and his exploration of moral and philosophical questions.