The Mediterranean Fruit Fly, or Ceratitis capitata, is a small insect known for its impact on agriculture. Native to the Mediterranean region, it has spread to many parts of the world, including California and Hawaii. The adult fly is about 5-7 mm long and has distinctive yellow and brown markings on its body and wings. This pest primarily targets fruits such as peaches, plums, and citrus fruits. Female flies lay eggs inside the fruit, and the larvae feed on the fruit's flesh, causing significant damage. Effective control measures include traps, biological control, and the use of insecticides to protect crops.