Mediterranean Civilization refers to the cultures and societies that developed around the Mediterranean Sea from ancient times to the present. This region was home to influential civilizations such as the Greeks, Romans, and Phoenicians, who made significant contributions to art, philosophy, and trade. The Mediterranean served as a vital trade route, facilitating cultural exchange and the spread of ideas. The Mediterranean is also known for its diverse geography, which includes coastal areas, islands, and fertile plains. This variety allowed for the growth of agriculture and the establishment of city-states, such as Athens and Carthage. The region's history has shaped modern cultures and continues to influence global politics and economics.