Matilda of Carinthia was a noblewoman born around 1156, known for her role in the Holy Roman Empire. She was the daughter of Henry, Duke of Carinthia, and Agnes of Germany. Matilda became the wife of Henry the Lion, the Duke of Bavaria and Saxony, strengthening political alliances through her marriage. Matilda was also the mother of several notable children, including Otto IV, who later became Holy Roman Emperor. Her lineage played a significant role in the power dynamics of medieval Europe, as her descendants were influential in various regions, contributing to the history of the Hohenstaufen dynasty.