Henry the Lion was a powerful duke in the 12th century, known for his rule over the regions of Saxony and Bavaria in what is now modern-day Germany. He was a member of the Welf dynasty and played a significant role in the politics of the Holy Roman Empire. His reign was marked by military campaigns and efforts to expand his territory. Henry was also known for his strong support of the Church and his contributions to the development of cities and trade. He was a patron of the arts and helped establish Lüneburg as an important center for commerce. His legacy includes the promotion of culture and infrastructure in his domains.