A mathematical equation is a statement that asserts the equality of two expressions. It typically consists of numbers, variables, and mathematical operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. For example, the equation 2 + 3 = 5 shows that when you add 2 and 3, the result is 5. Equations are fundamental in mathematics and are used to solve problems and represent relationships between quantities. Equations can be simple or complex, depending on the number of variables and operations involved. They are essential in various fields, including physics, engineering, and economics, as they help model real-world situations. Solving an equation involves finding the value of the variable that makes the equation true, which is a key skill in mathematics.