Matera, Italy, is a historic city located in the Basilicata region. It is famous for its ancient cave dwellings, known as the Sassi, which are carved into limestone cliffs. These unique structures date back thousands of years and have been recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1993. The city has a rich cultural heritage, with influences from various civilizations, including the Greeks, Romans, and Byzantines. Matera was also named the European Capital of Culture in 2019, highlighting its significance in art and history. Today, it attracts visitors for its stunning landscapes and well-preserved architecture.