A Mass Airflow Sensor (MAF) is a critical component in a vehicle's engine management system. It measures the amount of air entering the engine, which helps the engine control unit (ECU) determine the correct fuel-to-air ratio for optimal combustion. This ensures efficient engine performance and reduces harmful emissions. The MAF sensor typically uses either a hot wire or a vane mechanism to gauge airflow. When the sensor detects changes in air volume, it sends this information to the ECU, allowing it to adjust fuel injection accordingly. Proper functioning of the MAF is essential for maintaining engine efficiency and performance.