The "Martyrs of Córdoba" refers to a group of Christians who were executed in the 9th century in Córdoba, which was then part of the Umayyad Caliphate. They were persecuted for their refusal to renounce their faith and for openly criticizing Islam. Their martyrdom is significant in Christian history, symbolizing the struggle against religious oppression. These martyrs included notable figures such as Saint Eulogius and Saint Isaac. Their stories were recorded by contemporaries, highlighting their bravery and commitment to Christianity. The events surrounding their deaths contributed to the development of Christian identity in the region during a time of Islamic rule.