Makhachkala is the capital city of the Republic of Dagestan, located in the southern part of Russia. It lies on the western shore of the Caspian Sea and serves as an important cultural and economic center for the region. The city is known for its diverse population, which includes various ethnic groups, contributing to a rich cultural tapestry. Founded in the 19th century, Makhachkala has grown rapidly and features a mix of modern and traditional architecture. Key landmarks include the Juma Mosque and the Dagestan State Museum of Fine Arts. The city also plays a significant role in regional trade and transportation.