Lucania is a historical name for a region in southern Italy, primarily encompassing the area of Basilicata and parts of Calabria. The name is derived from the ancient Lucani people who inhabited the region during the pre-Roman era. Known for its rugged terrain and mountainous landscapes, Lucania features a mix of natural beauty and rich cultural heritage. Today, Lucania is recognized for its picturesque villages, such as Matera, famous for its ancient cave dwellings called Sassi. The region is also home to several national parks, including Pollino National Park, which showcases diverse flora and fauna, making it a popular destination for outdoor enthusiasts.