Lower Saxony is a federal state in northwestern Germany. It is known for its diverse landscapes, which include the North Sea coastline, rolling hills, and fertile plains. The capital city is Hanover, which hosts the famous Hanover Fair, one of the world's largest trade fairs. The region has a rich history and is home to several cultural landmarks, such as the Weser Renaissance architecture in towns like Bremen and Göttingen. Lower Saxony is also known for its agricultural production, particularly in potatoes and cattle farming, contributing significantly to the country's economy.