Louis XIV, known as the Sun King, was the King of France from 1643 to 1715. He is famous for centralizing power in the monarchy and establishing a strong, absolute rule. His reign is marked by the construction of the magnificent Palace of Versailles, which became a symbol of royal authority and luxury. Louis XIV's policies and military campaigns expanded France's influence in Europe, but they also led to significant financial strain. He promoted the arts and culture, fostering a golden age in French literature and music. His legacy continues to shape the understanding of monarchy and governance in Europe.