Louis II of Hungary was born on July 1, 1506, and became king in 1516 at the young age of ten. He was the last king of the Jagiellonian dynasty and ruled during a time of significant political and military challenges, particularly from the Ottoman Empire. His reign was marked by struggles to maintain the integrity of his kingdom, which faced internal strife and external threats. Louis II died at the Battle of Mohács in 1526, a pivotal conflict that led to the decline of Hungary and the eventual partition of the country between the Ottomans and the Habsburgs.