Louis Bonaparte was a French politician and the younger brother of Napoleon Bonaparte. Born on September 2, 1778, he became King of Holland from 1806 to 1810. His reign focused on improving the welfare of his subjects, promoting agriculture, and fostering trade. Despite his efforts, Louis struggled to balance his loyalty to his brother and the needs of the Dutch people. In 1810, he abdicated the throne under pressure from Napoleon, who sought to integrate Holland more directly into the French Empire. Louis later lived in exile and died on July 25, 1846.