The Lombard League was a coalition formed in the late 12th century by several northern Italian cities, including Milan, Bergamo, and Brescia. Its primary goal was to resist the political and military influence of the Holy Roman Empire, particularly against the rule of Emperor Frederick Barbarossa. The League aimed to protect the autonomy and rights of the cities involved. The conflict between the Lombard League and the Empire culminated in the pivotal Battle of Legnano in 1176, where the League achieved a significant victory. This success led to the signing of the Peace of Constance in 1183, which recognized the autonomy of the cities and marked a turning point in the struggle for self-governance in northern Italy.