Lock-free data structures are designed to allow multiple threads to access and modify shared data without using traditional locking mechanisms. This approach helps to avoid issues like deadlocks and reduces waiting time, making programs more efficient in multi-threaded environments. Instead of locks, these structures often use atomic operations to ensure that changes are made safely. One common example of a lock-free data structure is the lock-free queue, which allows threads to enqueue and dequeue items without blocking each other. This is particularly useful in real-time systems where delays can lead to performance problems. Overall, lock-free data structures enhance concurrency and improve responsiveness in applications.