Liver donation involves the process of giving a portion of the liver from a living or deceased donor to someone with liver disease. The liver is a vital organ that helps with digestion, detoxification, and metabolism. Living donors can donate a part of their liver, which can regenerate over time, while deceased donors provide a whole liver. The need for liver transplants often arises from conditions like cirrhosis, hepatitis, or liver cancer. The transplant process includes matching donors and recipients based on blood type and other medical factors to ensure the best chance of success.