Lin Shu was a prominent Chinese translator and writer during the late Qing Dynasty. Born in 1852, he is best known for translating Western literature into Chinese, making significant contributions to the introduction of foreign ideas and narratives to Chinese readers. His translations included works by authors such as Shakespeare and Victor Hugo. Lin Shu's unique style combined classical Chinese with modern elements, making his translations accessible and engaging. He did not know any foreign languages, so he relied on summaries and interpretations by others, which sparked debates about the accuracy of his work. Despite this, his influence on Chinese literature and culture remains notable.