Light harvesting refers to the process by which organisms, particularly plants, capture and convert sunlight into energy. This is primarily achieved through a pigment called chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy during photosynthesis. The energy captured is then used to produce glucose, a vital source of energy for the plant. In addition to natural processes, scientists are developing artificial light harvesting systems to improve energy efficiency. These systems mimic the way plants capture sunlight, using materials like solar cells to convert light into electricity. This technology aims to enhance renewable energy sources and reduce reliance on fossil fuels.