Libyen, officially known as the State of Libya, is a country located in North Africa. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad to the south, Niger to the southwest, and Tunisia and Algeria to the west. The capital city is Tripoli, which is situated in the northwest part of the country. Libyen has a diverse landscape that includes deserts, mountains, and coastal areas. The country is rich in oil reserves, making it one of the wealthiest nations in Africa. Its population is primarily Arab-Berber, and the official language is Arabic. Libyen has a complex history, including a period of rule under Muammar Gaddafi from 1969 until his overthrow in 2011.