The State of Libya is located in North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad to the southwest, Niger to the west, and Algeria and Tunisia to the northwest. Its capital city is Tripoli, and the country is known for its vast deserts, particularly the Sahara Desert, which covers much of its territory. Libya has a rich history, with ancient sites like Carthage and Leptis Magna reflecting its past. Libya gained independence from Italy in 1951 and has experienced significant political changes, especially after the 2011 civil war that led to the ousting of Muammar Gaddafi. The country is currently divided between rival governments and factions, which has resulted in ongoing conflict and instability. Despite these challenges, Libya is rich in natural resources, particularly oil, which plays a crucial role in its economy.