"Les Misérables" is a novel by Victor Hugo, published in 1862. It tells the story of Jean Valjean, a former convict who seeks redemption after serving 19 years in prison for stealing a loaf of bread. The narrative explores themes of justice, love, and sacrifice as Valjean tries to escape his past while being pursued by the relentless Inspector Javert. The novel is set against the backdrop of early 19th-century France and features a diverse cast of characters, including the tragic figure of Fantine, a struggling mother, and Cosette, her daughter, whom Valjean adopts. Through their intertwined lives, Hugo highlights the struggles of the poor and the impact of societal injustice.