The Landgraviate of Hesse was a historical territory in what is now central Germany. It emerged in the 13th century and was ruled by the landgraves, a title similar to that of a count. The region played a significant role in the Holy Roman Empire and was known for its strategic location and economic importance. Over time, the Landgraviate of Hesse underwent various territorial changes and divisions, particularly during the Reformation and the Thirty Years' War. It eventually became part of the larger state of Hesse in the 19th century, which is now a federal state in modern Germany.