King Stanisław II Augustus was the last king of Poland, reigning from 1764 until 1795. He was known for his efforts to modernize the country and promote the arts and education. His reign saw the establishment of the Constitution of May 3, 1791, one of the first modern constitutions in Europe. Despite his reforms, Stanisław faced significant challenges, including foreign intervention from Russia and Prussia. In 1795, after the third partition of Poland, he abdicated the throne, leading to the dissolution of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. He spent his later years in exile in Saint Petersburg.