The Constitution of May 3, 1791 was a significant legal document in the history of Poland, marking the first modern constitution in Europe. It aimed to reform the political system by establishing a constitutional monarchy, reducing the power of the nobility, and enhancing the rights of the common people. The constitution sought to create a more balanced government and promote civic equality. This constitution was influenced by the ideas of the Enlightenment and was designed to strengthen the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. However, it faced opposition from neighboring powers, leading to its eventual repeal after the Second Partition of Poland in 1793. Despite its short lifespan, it remains a symbol of Polish national identity and democratic aspirations.