King Philip IV, also known as Philip the Fair, was the King of France from 1285 to 1314. He is notable for his efforts to centralize royal power and for his conflicts with the Pope and the Knights Templar. His reign saw the expansion of the French monarchy's influence and the establishment of the Estates-General. Philip IV also faced financial difficulties, leading to heavy taxation and the confiscation of church properties. His actions against the Templars culminated in their arrest in 1307, which significantly impacted the order. Philip's reign marked a pivotal period in French history, shaping the future of the monarchy.