King Fuad I was the first king of modern Egypt, reigning from 1920 until his death in 1936. He was born on March 26, 1868, and became the Sultan of Egypt in 1917 before being declared king after the country was declared a kingdom. His rule marked a significant period of modernization and reform in Egyptian society. During his reign, King Fuad I focused on establishing a constitutional monarchy and promoting education and infrastructure development. He played a crucial role in the formation of the Egyptian constitution of 1923, which aimed to balance power between the monarchy and the parliament. His legacy includes efforts to strengthen national identity and independence.