Keshan disease is a type of heart disease that primarily affects people in certain regions of China, particularly in areas with low levels of selenium, an essential mineral. It is characterized by symptoms such as heart enlargement, heart failure, and arrhythmias. The disease is most commonly seen in children and women of childbearing age. The condition is linked to a deficiency in selenium, which plays a crucial role in maintaining heart health. Improving dietary intake of selenium through food sources or supplements can help prevent Keshan disease. Public health initiatives in affected areas focus on increasing selenium levels to reduce the incidence of this disease.