The Karoo Basin is a large geological formation located in South Africa, primarily known for its rich fossil deposits and unique landscapes. It spans several provinces, including the Western Cape, Eastern Cape, and Free State. The basin is characterized by its semi-arid climate and diverse ecosystems, which support various plant and animal species. This region is significant for its paleontological history, as it contains fossils from the Permian and Triassic periods, including early reptiles and amphibians. The Karoo Supergroup, a sequence of sedimentary rock layers, provides valuable insights into Earth's geological past and the evolution of life.