Joseph Wright of Derby was an English painter born in 1734, known for his dramatic use of light and shadow, a technique called chiaroscuro. He specialized in historical and industrial scenes, often depicting the effects of the Industrial Revolution on society. His works reflect a fascination with science and technology, showcasing both the beauty and the challenges of modern life. Wright was associated with the Derby Philosophical Society and was influenced by the Enlightenment ideals of reason and progress. His paintings, such as "An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump," illustrate his interest in scientific inquiry and the human experience. He passed away in 1797, leaving a lasting impact on British art.