Joseph I of Portugal was the King of Portugal from 1750 until his death in 1777. He was the son of John V of Portugal and became king after his father's long reign. Joseph I is known for his efforts to modernize the country and for his support of the arts and sciences. During his reign, Portugal faced significant challenges, including the devastating 1755 Lisbon earthquake, which led to widespread destruction and loss of life. Joseph I relied heavily on his prime minister, Marquês de Pombal, to implement reforms and rebuild the city, marking a significant period in Portuguese history.