José Gabriel Condorcanqui, known as Túpac Amaru II, was a prominent leader of an indigenous uprising against Spanish colonial rule in Peru during the late 18th century. Born in 1738, he was a member of the Inca nobility and sought to address the injustices faced by indigenous people under colonial oppression. His rebellion began in 1780 and aimed to abolish forced labor and improve the rights of indigenous communities. Condorcanqui's revolt gained significant support and led to a series of confrontations with Spanish authorities. Despite initial successes, the uprising was ultimately suppressed, and he was captured and executed in 1781. His legacy endures as a symbol of resistance against colonialism and the fight for indigenous rights in South America.