José Artigas was a prominent Uruguayan leader and national hero, known for his role in the struggle for independence from Spanish rule in the early 19th century. Born on June 19, 1764, in Montevideo, he became a key figure in the United Provinces of the Rio de la Plata and advocated for federalism and social justice. Artigas is often referred to as the "Father of Uruguayan Nation" due to his efforts in establishing a sense of national identity. He led various military campaigns and promoted the rights of the rural population, leaving a lasting legacy in Uruguay's history and politics.