John Smeaton was an English civil engineer born in 1724, known for his innovative work in the field of engineering. He is often referred to as the "father of civil engineering" due to his contributions to the design of structures such as bridges and lighthouses. One of his most famous projects is the Eddystone Lighthouse, which he rebuilt using durable materials and a unique design that improved its stability. Smeaton was also a pioneer in the use of hydraulic lime, which enhanced the strength of concrete. His work laid the foundation for modern engineering practices, and he was a founding member of the Royal Society, an organization dedicated to promoting scientific knowledge. Smeaton passed away in 1792, leaving a lasting legacy in engineering.